MULTI-ZONE ACTUATION SYSTEM USING WELLBORE WHEELS

专利摘要:
Sliding sleeve assemblies (130a, 130b, 130c, 300) may include one or more sliding sleeve tools (606, 606a) for stimulating one or more zones (120) in a wellbore (106). The one or more sliding sleeve tools (606, 606a) may be actuated in accordance with an actuation sensor (609). A property sensor (610) may be disposed adjacent a sliding sleeve tool (606, 606a) to collect data indicative of a wellbore property (106) associated with one or more different zones (120) of a fracture (144) or the actuating sleeve (328). The property sensor (610) may transmit data to the surface (104) or other property sensors (610) associated with the downhole tools. The configuration or disposition of one or more property sensors (610) on a downhole tool can provide real-time feedback on the rate of production for a particular downhole area or space.
公开号:FR3075857A1
申请号:FR1860625
申请日:2018-11-16
公开日:2019-06-28
发明作者:Michael Linley Fripp；Zachary William Walton；Matthew James MERRON
申请人:Halliburton Energy Services Inc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

The present disclosure relates generally to well drilling operations and, more particularly, to a multi-zone actuation system that detects wellbore darts by performing multiple interval stimulation of a wellbore.
In the oil and gas industry, underground formations traversed by a wellbore are often fractured or otherwise stimulated to improve the production of hydrocarbons. Fracturing and pacing operations are generally carried out by strategically isolating various areas of interest (or various intervals in an area of interest) in the wellbore using backfilling machines and the like, and then subjecting the isolated areas to various treatment fluids at increased pressures. In a typical fracturing operation for a cased wellbore, the casing cemented inside the wellbore is first punctured to allow hydrocarbon conduits in the surrounding underground formation to flow into the wellbore . Before producing the hydrocarbons, however, the process fluids are pumped into the wellbore and surrounding formation through the perforations, which has the effect of opening and enlarging the drainage channels in the formation and thus improving the production capacity of the well.
Today, it is possible to stimulate multiple zones during a single stimulation operation using on-site stimulation fluid pumping equipment. In such applications, multiple backfill machines are introduced into the wellbore and each backfill machine is strategically located at predetermined intervals configured to isolate adjacent areas of interest. Each zone may include a sliding sleeve which is moved to allow zonal stimulation by diverting the flow through one or more ports of tubing closed by the sliding sleeve. Once the backfilling machines are properly deployed, the sliding sleeves can be selectively opened using a ball and deflector system. The deflector and ball system consists of sequentially dropping wellbore projectiles from a surface location in the wellbore. Wellbore projectiles, commonly referred to as "fracturing balls", have predetermined dimensions configured to provide sealing relative to baffles or seats of corresponding size disposed in the wellbore at corresponding areas of interest. The smallest fracturing balls are introduced into the wellbore before the largest fracturing balls, where the smallest fracturing ball is designed to land on the deflector furthest from the well and the largest fracturing ball is designed to land on the deflector closest to the surface of the well. As a result, the fracturing balls isolate the target sliding sleeves from the bottom sleeve moving upward. Applying hydraulic pressure from the surface moves the target sliding sleeve to its open position.
Thus, the ball and deflector system acts as an actuating mechanism to move the sliding sleeves to their open position at the bottom of the hole. When the fracturing operation is complete, the balls can either be brought hydraulically to the surface, or drilled with the deflectors in order to restore the casing string to a full bore internal diameter. As can be seen, at least one drawback of the deflector and ball system lies in the fact that there is a limit to the maximum number of zones that can be stimulated because the deflectors are of graduated sizes.
In addition, real-time data, such as data indicating a wellbore property associated with one or more different areas of a fracture or the actuating sleeve, can provide valuable information to increase operational efficiency. of production. Configuring or arranging one or more sensors on a downhole tool can provide real-time feedback regarding the production rate for a particular downhole area or space. The one or more sensors can transmit data to the surface or to other sensors associated with downhole tools. Current techniques using fiber optics to monitor a fracture can be costly to install and may not provide an accurate measure of flow properties. An implementation of one or more sensors ensuring effective and real-time monitoring of wellbore properties would increase the efficiency of the production of hydrocarbons or the stimulation and evaluation techniques of one or more fracture zones.
PRESENTATION
The present disclosure includes in particular each of the embodiments described below:
A. A sliding sleeve assembly that includes a completion body that defines an internal flow passage and one or more ports that allow fluid communication between the internal flow passage and an exterior of the completion body, an arranged sliding sleeve in the completion body and having a sleeve coupling profile defined on an internal surface of the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve being movable between a closed position, in which the sliding sleeve blocks the one or more ports, and an open position, wherein the sliding sleeve is moved to expose the one or more ports, a plurality of wellbore darts each having a body and a dart profile defined on an outer surface of the body, the dart profile of each wellwell dart drilling can be coupled with the coupling profile of the sleeve, one or more sensors positioned on the body of e completion to detect the plurality of wellbore darts as it passes through the internal flow passage, and an actuating sleeve arranged inside the completion body and movable between an operating configuration, in which the sleeve actuator closes the sleeve coupling profile and an actuated configuration, in which the actuating sleeve is moved to expose the sleeve coupling profile.
B. A method which includes introducing one or more wellbore darts into a working rod string which extends into a wellbore, the working rod string providing a sliding sleeve assembly which includes a completion body defining an internal flow passage and one or more ports that allow fluid communication between the internal flow passage and an exterior of the completion body, wherein the sliding sleeve assembly further includes a sleeve slide arranged in the completion body and defining a sleeve coupling profile on an internal surface of the sliding sleeve, detecting one or more wellbore darts with one or more sensors positioned on the completion body, one or more wellbore darts each having a body and a dart profile defined on an outer surface of the body, the displacement an actuating sleeve arranged in the completion body of an operating configuration with an actuated configuration when the one or more sensors detect a predetermined number of the one or more wellbore darts, the exposure of the coupling sleeve sleeve when the actuating sleeve moves to the actuated configuration, placing one or more wellbore darts on the sliding sleeve when the dart profile of one or more wellbore darts mates with sleeve coupling profile, increasing fluid pressure inside the drill string at the top of the hole from the one or more wellbore darts and moving the sliding sleeve from a position closed, in which the sliding sleeve blocks the one or more ports, to an open position in which the one or more ports are exposed s.
Each of embodiments A and B can include one or more of the following additional elements in any combination:
Element 1: further comprising an electronic circuit coupled in communication to the one or more sensors and an actuator coupled in communication to the electronic circuit, wherein, when the one or more sensors detect a predetermined number of the plurality of wellbore darts, the electronic circuit sends an actuation signal to the actuator to move the actuation sleeve in the actuated configuration.
Element 2: in which the actuator is chosen from the group consisting of a mechanical actuator, an electromechanical actuator, a hydraulic actuator, a pneumatic actuator and any combination thereof.
Element 3: in which the actuator is an electro-hydraulic piston lock.
Element 4: wherein each wellbore dart has a known magnetic property detectable by one or more sensors.
Element 5: in which each borehole dart emits a radio frequency detectable by one or more sensors.
Element 6: wherein the one or more sensors are mechanical switches mechanically manipulated by physical contact with the plurality of wellbore darts when each wellbore dart passes through the internal flow passage.
Element 7: in which at least a part of the body of each wellbore dart is made of a material chosen from the group consisting of iron, an iron alloy, steel, an alloy of steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, plastic, composite material, degradable material and any combination thereof.
Element 8: in which the degradable material is a material chosen from the group consisting of a borate glass, a metal corrodable by galvanic means, a poly (glycolic acid), a poly (lactic acid) and any combination of these.
Element 9: in which the actuating sleeve comprises an axial extension which extends in at least part of the sliding sleeve to close off the sleeve coupling profile.
Element 10: wherein the sliding sleeve assembly further includes an electronic circuit coupled in communication to one or more sensors and wherein detecting the one or more wellbore darts with the one or more sensors includes sending '' a detection signal to the electronic circuit with the one or more sensors during the detection of each borehole dart and the counting with the electronic circuit of the number of drilling darts detected by the one or more sensors as a function of each signal detection received.
Element 11: in which the sliding sleeve assembly further comprises an actuator coupled in communication to the electronic circuit and in which the displacement of the actuating sleeve further comprises sending an actuation signal to the actuator with the electronic circuit when the one or more sensors detect the predetermined number of one or more wellbore darts, and the actuation of the actuation sleeve with the actuator in the actuated configuration upon receipt of the actuation signal.
Element 12: wherein the detection of the one or more wellbore darts with the one or more sensors includes the detection of a known magnetic property exhibited by the one or more wellbore darts.
Element 13: wherein detecting the one or more wellbore darts with the one or more sensors includes detecting a radio frequency emitted by the one or more wellbore darts.
Element 14: wherein the one or more sensors are mechanical switches, and wherein detecting the one or more wellbore darts with the one or more sensors includes physical contact of the one or more sensors with the one or more darts wellbore when the one or more wellbore darts pass through the interior flow passage.
Element 15: wherein increasing the fluid pressure within the drill string upstream of the one or more subsequent wellbore darts further includes generating a pressure differential across the one or more several wellbore darts and thus the transfer of an axial load to the sliding sleeve and one or more shearable devices fixing the sliding sleeve in the closed position and assuming a predetermined axial load with the one or more shearable devices of such that the one or more shearable devices rupture and thereby allow the sliding sleeve to move to the open position.
Element 16: further comprising introducing treatment fluid into the working drill string, injecting treatment fluid into a surrounding underground formation via one or more ports and releasing pressure fluid in the working drill string.
Element 17: in which at least part of the one or more wellbore darts is made of a degradable material chosen from the group consisting of a borate glass, a metal corrodable by galvanic means, a poly (glycolic acid), poly (lactic acid) and any combination thereof, the method further comprising allowing the degradable material to degrade.
Element 18: further comprising introducing a drill bit into the working drill string and advancing the drill bit to the one or more wellbore darts, and drilling the one or more darts wellbore with the drill bit.
By way of example, embodiment A can be used with elements 1, 2 and 3; with elements 1, 7 and 8; with elements 1, 7, 8 and 10; with elements 1, 4 and 5, etc.
As an additional example, embodiment B can be used with elements 12 and 13; with elements 12, 13 and 14; with elements 15 and 16; with elements 16, 17 and 18, etc.
C. A method of determining a property of a production area comprising: positioning a sliding sleeve tool in a wellbore, actuating the sliding sleeve tool, wherein the actuation is initiated as a function, at least in part, of one or more measurements received by an actuation sensor, the stimulation of a production zone with a stimulation fluid, the detection of one or more properties of the wellbore in function, at least in part, of one or more measurements received by a property sensor, the determination of a parameter of the stimulation fluid from at least one of the one or more properties.
D. A system for determining a property of a production area, comprising: a sliding sleeve tool, in which the sliding sleeve tool is disposed on a production manifold and in which the sliding sleeve tool comprises further: an actuation sensor, a property sensor; and a transceiver coupled to the property sensor; an information processing system coupled in communication to the transceiver, the information processing system comprising a processor and a non-transient memory coupled to the processor, the non-transient memory comprising one or more instructions which, when they are executed by the processor, cause the processor to position the sliding sleeve tool in a wellbore; actuating the sliding sleeve tool as a function, at least in part, of one or more measurements received by the actuation sensor; simulate a production area with a stimulation fluid; detecting one or more properties of the wellbore based, at least in part, on one or more measurements received by the property sensor; and determining a parameter of the stimulation fluid.
E. A computer-readable non-transient storage medium storing one or more instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to position a sliding sleeve tool in a wellbore; actuating the sliding sleeve tool as a function, at least in part, of one or more measurements received by an actuation sensor; stimulate a production area with stimulation fluid; detecting one or more properties of the wellbore based, at least in part, on one or more measurements received by a property sensor; and determining a flow rate of the stimulation fluid.
Each of embodiments C, D and E can have one or more of the following in any combination:
Element 1: in which the property sensor is arranged adjacent to the sliding sleeve tool.
Element 2: in which the property sensor is a battery-powered sensor.
Element 3: in which the one or more measurements received by the property sensor are a temperature measurement.
Element 4: in which the stimulation fluid parameter is a total flow or volume of the stimulation fluid.
Element 5: further comprising modifying a well treatment operation as a function, at least in part, of the flow rate of the simulation fluid.
Element 6: further comprising the storage of one or more measurements received by the property sensor in a memory.
Element 7: further comprising wireless transmission of one or more measurements received by the surface property sensor, to a downhole tool in the wellbore or to both.
Element 8: further comprising determining a relative acceptance of the stimulation fluid as a function, at least in part, of the parameter of the stimulation fluid.
Element 9: in which the information processing system is coupled in communication to the wireless transceiver.
Element 10: in which the one or more instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to store the one or more measurements received by the property sensor in a memory.
Element 11: wherein the one or more instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to modify a well treatment operation based, at least in part, on the flow rate of the stimulation fluid.
Element 12: wherein the one or more instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to determine a relative acceptance of the stimulation fluid based, at least in part, on the determined parameter of the stimulation fluid.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The following figures are included to illustrate certain aspects of this disclosure, and should not be considered as exclusive embodiments. The object described may be subject to considerable modifications, transformations, combinations and equivalents in terms of form and function, without departing from the scope of this disclosure.
FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a well system for deploying a downhole tool which uses a sliding sleeve and one or more sensors according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate an example of a wellbore projectile in the form of a wellbore dart, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figures 3A, 3B and 3C illustrate side views in cross section of an example of a sliding sleeve assembly, according to one or more embodiments.
Figure 4A is an enlarged view of the sliding sleeve and the actuating sleeve of Figures 3A and 3B, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4B is an enlarged view of an example of an actuating device, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C illustrate lateral views in progressive cross-section of the assembly of FIGS. 3 A and 3B, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 6 is an enlarged view of a wellbore dart mating with a sliding sleeve, according to one or more embodiments of the present description.
Figures 7A, 7B and 7C are schematic views of a downhole sliding sleeve tool according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an information processing system and other electronic components of a sliding sleeve tool, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 9 is a flow chart for modifying a well treatment operation based, at least in part, on a calculated stimulation fluid flow rate, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present disclosure relates generally to well drilling operations and, more particularly, to a multi-zone actuation system that detects wellbore darts by performing multiple interval stimulation of a wellbore.
The embodiments described herein describe sliding sleeve assemblies which are capable of detecting wellbore darts and actuating a sliding sleeve upon detection of a predetermined number of wellbore darts having dart profiles defined on this one.
Once a predetermined number of wellbore darts have been detected, an actuating sleeve can be actuated to expose a sleeve coupling profile defined on a sliding sleeve. Once the sleeve coupling profile is exposed, a wellbore dart subsequently inserted downhole may be able to locate and couple its dart profile with the sleeve coupling profile. When applying fluid pressure upstream of the subsequent borehole dart, the sliding sleeve can be moved to an open position, where the flow ports become exposed and facilitate fluid communication in an underground environment surrounding for wellbore stimulation operations. The presently described embodiments therefore provide methods and systems for wellbore stimulation without intervention.
Referring to Figure 1, there is illustrated an example of a well system 100 which may implement or otherwise employ one or more of the principles of this disclosure, according to one or more embodiments. As illustrated, the well system 100 may include a drilling tower 102 disposed on the surface 104 and a wellbore 106 extending therefrom and entering an underground formation 108. Although Figure 1 depicts a terrestrial drilling tower 102, it will be understood that the embodiments of the present disclosure are also suitable for use in other types of drilling towers, such as offshore platforms or the drilling towers used in other locations any geographic. In other embodiments, the drilling tower 102 can be replaced by a wellhead installation without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
The drill tower 102 may include a derrick 110 and a drill tower floor 112. The derrick 110 may support or otherwise assist in manipulating the axial position of a working rod string 114 extending into the wellbore 106 from wellbore floor 112. As used herein, the term "working drill string" refers to one or more types of connected lengths of tubing or tubing such as a wellbore , a drill string, a landing gear, a production tubing, combinations of coiled tubing thereof, or the like. The drill string 114 can be used to drill, stimulate, complete, or otherwise maintain the wellbore 106, or various combinations thereof.
As illustrated, the wellbore 106 may extend vertically from the surface 104 over a portion of a vertical wellbore. In other embodiments, the wellbore 106 may otherwise deviate at any angle from the surface 104 on a deviated or horizontal part of a wellbore. In other applications, parts or substantially all of the wellbore 106 may be vertical, deviated, horizontal, curved, or any combination thereof. In addition, the use of directional terms such as above, below, top, bottom, up, down, top of hole, downhole and the like is used in connection with the modes of illustrative embodiments as shown in the figures, the upward direction being directed upwards of the corresponding figure and the downward direction being directed downwards of the corresponding figure, the direction at the top of the hole being directed towards the base or the surface of the well and the direction down the hole being directed towards the point or the bottom of the well.
In one embodiment, the wellbore 106 may be at least partially cased with a casing train 116 or may otherwise remain at least partially uncased. The casing train 116 can be fixed in the wellbore 106 using, for example, cement 118. In other embodiments, the casing train 116 can only be partially cemented in the wellbore 106 or alternatively, the casing train 116 can be omitted from the well system 100, without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
The working rod string 114 may be coupled to a completion assembly 120 which extends into a branch or a side portion 122 of the wellbore 106. As illustrated, the side portion 122 may be an uncased section or "to open hole ”of the wellbore 106. It should be noted that although FIG. 1 describes the completion assembly 120 as being arranged inside the lateral part 122 of the wellbore 106, the principles of the apparatus , systems and methods described herein may apply similarly or be otherwise suitable for use in fully vertical wellbore configurations.
Consequently, the horizontal or vertical nature of the wellbore 106 should not be interpreted as limiting the present disclosure to any particular configuration of wellbore 106.
The completion assembly 120 may be deployed in the side portion 122 of the wellbore 106 using one or more backfilling machines 124 or other wellbore isolation devices known to those of skill in the art. The backfilling machines 124 can be configured to close off a ring 126 defined between the completion assembly 120 and the inner wall of the wellbore 106. As a result, the underground formation 108 can be effectively divided into several intervals or "useful zones" 128 (represented by the intervals 128a, 128b and 128c) which can be stimulated, produced or any combination thereof independently via the isolated parts of the ring 126 defined between pairs of adjacent backfilling machines 124.
While only three intervals 128a, 128b and 128c are shown in Figure 1, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that any number of intervals 128a, 128b and 128c can be defined or otherwise used in the well system 100 , including a single interval, without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
The completion assembly 120 may include one or more sliding sleeve assemblies 130 (represented by sliding sleeve assemblies 130a, 130b and 130c) arranged in, coupled to, or integral with the working rod train 114. As illustrated, at least one sliding sleeve assembly 130a-c can be arranged in each interval 128a, 128b and 128c, but those skilled in the art will readily understand that more than one sliding sleeve assembly 130a, 130b and 130c can be arranged in each interval 128a, 128a and 128c, without departing from the scope of the description. It should be noted that, although the sliding sleeve assemblies 130a, 130b and 130c are shown in Figure 1 as being used in an open hole section of the wellbore 106, the principles of this disclosure are also applicable to completed or cased sections of wellbore 106. In these embodiments, a cased wellbore 106 may be punctured at predetermined locations in each interval 128a, 128b and 128c to facilitate fluid conductivity between the interior of the drill string 114 and the surrounding intervals 128a, 128b and 128c of formation 108.
Each sliding sleeve assembly 130a, 130b and 130c can be actuated to provide fluid communication between the interior of the work drill string 114 and the ring 126 adjacent to each corresponding gap 128a, 128b and 128c. As shown, each sliding sleeve assembly 130a, 130b and 130c may include a sliding sleeve 132 which is axially displaceable in the working rod train 114 to expose one or more ports 134 defined through the working rod train 114. The sliding sleeve 132 can include one or more actuators 109. Once exposed, ports 134 can facilitate fluid communication between the ring 126 and the interior of the work string 114, so that stimulation and production operations can be undertaken in each corresponding interval 128a, 128b and 128c of formation 108.
According to the present disclosure, to move the sliding sleeve 132 of a given sliding sleeve assembly 130a, 130b and 130c to its open position, and to thereby expose the corresponding ports 134, one or more wellbore darts 136 (represented by a first borehole dart 136a and a second borehole dart 136b) can be introduced into the working drill string 114 and transported downhole to the sliding sleeve assemblies 130a, 130b and 130c. The wellbore darts 136 can be transported through the working drill string 114 and to the completion assembly 120 using any known technique.
For example, the wellbore darts 136 may be released through the working rod string 114 from the surface 104, pumped by flowing a fluid into the working rod string 114, self propelled, transported by cable, smooth cable, coiled tubing, etc.
Each wellbore dart 136 can be detectable by one or more sensors 138 (represented by sensors 138a, 138b and 138c) associated with each sliding sleeve assembly 130a, 130b and 130c. In some embodiments, for example, the borehole darts 136 may exhibit known magnetic properties, produce a known magnetic field, a pattern or combination of magnetic fields, or any combination thereof, detectable by the sensors 138a , 138b and 138c. In such cases, each sensor 138a, 138b and 138c may be capable of detecting the presence of one or more magnetic fields produced by the wellbore darts 136, one or more other magnetic properties of the wellbore darts 136, or both. Suitable magnetic sensors 138a, 138b and 138c may include, but are not limited to, magneto-resistant sensors, Hall effect sensors, conductive coils, combinations thereof and the like. In some embodiments, permanent magnets can be combined with one or more of the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c to create a magnetic field which is disturbed by the borehole darts 136, and a detected change in the magnetic field may indicate the presence of well darts 136.
In addition, in some embodiments, each sensor 138a, 138b and 138c may include a barrier (not shown) positioned between the sensor 138a, 138b and 138c and the wellbore darts 136. The barrier may include a permeable material relatively weak magnetic and can be configured to allow magnetic signals to pass through and isolate pressure between sensors 138a, 138b and 138c and wellbore darts 136. Additional information on such a barrier used in magnetic detection can be found in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2013/0264051. In other embodiments, a magnetic screen (not shown) can be placed on the well darts 136 or near the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c to "short-circuit" the magnetic fields emitted by the well darts drilling 136 and thus reduce the amount of residual magnetic fields that can be detected by the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c. In such embodiments, the magnetic field can be attracted to materials with high magnetic permeability, which effectively protects the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c from residual magnetic fields.
In other embodiments, one or more of the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c may be able to detect radio frequencies emitted by the wellbore darts 136. In such embodiments, the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c may be radio frequency (RF) sensors or readers capable of detecting a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag attached to or otherwise part of wellbore darts 136. RF sensors 138a, 138b and 138c may be configured to detect RFID tags when the wellbore darts 136 pass through the working drill string 114 and meet the RF sensors 138a, 138b and 138c. In at least one embodiment, the RF sensors 138a, 138b and 138c can be microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) or devices capable of detecting radio frequencies. In such cases, MEMS sensors can include or otherwise include an RF coil and thus be used as sensors 138a, 138b and 138c. The RF sensors 138a, 138b and 138c may alternatively be a near field communication (NFC) sensor capable of establishing radio communication with a corresponding dummy label arranged on the wellbore darts 136. When the dummy labels approach RF sensors 138a, 138b and 138c, RF sensors 138a, 138b and 138c can record the presence of wellbore darts 136.
In yet other embodiments, the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c may be a type of mechanical switch or the like which can be manipulated mechanically by physical contact with the wellbore darts 136 as they pass through the work drill string 114. In certain cases, for example, the mechanical sensors 138a, 138b and 138c may be counting devices or mechanical counters or switches arranged near each sleeve 132. During physical contact and the interaction of a otherwise with the wellbore darts 136, the mechanical sensors 138a, 138b and 138c can be configured to generate and send corresponding signals indicative thereof or to an adjacent actuator (not shown in Figure 1) , as will be described below. In some embodiments, the mechanical sensors 138a, 138b and 138c may be equipped with a spring or otherwise configured so that after the passage of the borehole dart 136 (or after a certain period of time) the switch can reset independently. As will be understood, such a re-initializable embodiment can allow the mechanical sensors 138a, 138b, 138c to interact physically with multiple darts of borehole 136.
Each sensor 138a, 138b and 138c can be connected to an associated electronic circuit (not shown in FIG. 1) configured to determine whether the associated sensor 138a, 138b and 138c has positively detected a wellbore dart 136. For example, in the case where the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c are magnetic sensors, the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c can detect a particular or predetermined magnetic field, a pattern or a combination of magnetic fields or other magnetic properties of the well sink darts drilling 136, and the associated electronic circuit may contain the one or more predetermined magnetic fields or other magnetic properties programmed in a non-volatile memory for comparison. Similarly, in the case where the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c are RF sensors, the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c can detect a particular RF signal from the borehole darts 136 and the associated electronic circuit can either count the RF signals, or compare the RF signals with the RF signals programmed in its non-volatile memory.
Once a wellbore dart 136 is positively detected by the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c, the associated electronic circuit can acknowledge and count the detection instance and, if necessary, trigger the actuation of the sets of corresponding sliding sleeves 130a, 130b and 130c using one or more associated actuating devices (not shown in Figure 1). In some embodiments, for example, actuation of the associated sliding sleeve assembly 130a, 138b and 138c may not be triggered until a predetermined number or combination of wellbore darts 136 have been detected by the given sensors 138a, 138b and 138c. As a result, each sensor 138a, 138b and 138c records and counts the passage of each wellbore dart 136 and, once a predetermined number of wellbore darts 136 is detected by a given sensor 138a, 138b and 138c , the corresponding sliding sleeve assembly 130a, 130b and 130c can then be actuated in response to this.
The completion assembly 120 may include as many sliding sleeve assemblies 130a, 130b and 130c as necessary to undertake a desired fracturing or stimulation operation in the underground formation 108. The electronic circuit of each sliding sleeve assembly 130a, 130b and 130c can be programmed with a predetermined "well count" of darts 136. Upon reaching or otherwise recording the predetermined wellbore count 136, each sliding sleeve assembly 130a, 130b and 130c can then be actuated. More particularly, the electronic circuit associated with the third sliding sleeve assembly 130c may require the detection and counting of a wellbore dart 136 before actuating the third sliding sleeve assembly 130c; the electronic circuit associated with the second sliding sleeve assembly 130b may require the detection and counting of two borehole darts 136 before actuating the second sliding sleeve assembly 130b; and the electronic circuit associated with the first sliding sleeve assembly 130a may require the detection and counting of three borehole darts 136 before actuating the first sliding sleeve assembly 130a.
In the illustrated embodiment, the first wellbore dart 136a has been introduced into the working drill string 114 and transported in front of each of the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c so that each sensor 138a, 138b and 138c is capable of detecting the borehole dart 136a and increasing its "well count" of darts by one unit. Since the electronic circuit associated with the third sliding sleeve assembly 130c is preprogrammed with a predetermined "countdown" of a wellbore dart, upon detection of the first wellbore dart 136a, the sliding sleeve 132 of the third assembly sliding sleeve 130c can be operated in the open position. When sending the second wellbore dart 136b into the working drill string 114, the first and second sensors 138a, 138b are capable of detecting the second wellbore dart 136b and increasing their "counts" Of respective wellbore darts from two units. Since the electronic circuit associated with the second sliding sleeve assembly 130b is preprogrammed with a predetermined "countdown" of two wellbore darts, upon detection of the second wellbore dart 136b, the sliding sleeve 132 of the second drilling assembly sliding sleeve 130b can be operated in the open position. When sending a third borehole dart (not shown) into the working drill string 114, the first sensor 138a is capable of detecting the third borehole dart and increasing its "count" dart wells of three units. Since the electronic circuit associated with the first slide sleeve assembly 130a is preprogrammed with a predetermined "countdown" of three borehole darts, upon detection of the third borehole dart, the slide sleeve 132 of the first sleeve assembly slide 130a can be operated in the open position.
Referring now to Figures 2A and 2B, an example of a wellbore dart 200 is illustrated, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The wellbore dart 200 can be similar to the wellbore darts 136 in FIG. 1, and therefore can be configured to be inserted downhole to interact with the sensors 138a-c of the sliding sleeve assemblies 130a , 130b and 130c. Figure 2A shows an isometric view of wellbore dart 200, and Figure 2B shows a cross-sectional side view of wellbore dart 200. As illustrated, wellbore dart 200 may include a body generally cylindrical 202 with a plurality of collar fingers 204 each forming part of the body 202 or extending longitudinally therefrom. Body 202 can be made from a variety of materials including, but not limited to, iron and iron alloys, steel and steel alloys, aluminum and aluminum alloys, magnesium and magnesium alloys, copper and copper alloys, plastic, composite materials and any combination thereof. In other embodiments, described in more detail below, all or part of the body 202 can be made of a degradable or soluble material, without departing from the scope of the disclosure. In one or more embodiments, the wellbore dart 200 may have a spherical or spheroidal body.
In at least one embodiment, the collar fingers 204 can be flexible axial extensions of the body 202 which are separated by elongated channels 206. A dart profile 208 can be defined on the outer radial surface of the body 202, as on the collet fingers 204. The dart profile 208 may include or otherwise provide various features, designs, configurations, and any combination thereof that allow the wellbore dart 200 to mate with a profile of corresponding sleeve coupling (not shown) defined on a desired sliding sleeve (for example the sliding sleeves 132 of FIG. 1).
The wellbore jib 200 may further include a dynamic seal 210 arranged around the outer or outer surface of the body 202 at or near its downhole end 212. As used herein, the term "seal dynamic ”is used to indicate a joint which provides pressure, fluid insulation or both between elements which have a relative displacement between them, for example a joint which seals against a displacement surface or a joint produced on a element and seal against the other element. In certain embodiments, the dynamic seal 210 can be arranged in a groove 214 defined on the exterior surface of the body 202. The dynamic seal 210 can be made of a material chosen from the following: elastomeric materials, non-elastomeric materials , metals, composites, rubbers, ceramics, derivatives thereof, and any combination thereof. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2B, the dynamic seal 210 may be an O-ring or the like. In other embodiments, however, the dynamic seal 210 may be a set of V-shaped rings or CHEVRON® seals, or other suitable seal configurations (e.g., round seals, V-shaped, U-shaped, square, oval, T-shaped, etc.), as is generally known to those skilled in the art, or any combination thereof. As described in more detail below, the dynamic seal 210 can be configured to seal "dynamically" against a seal bore of a sliding sleeve (not shown).
The drill jib 200 may further comprise or otherwise encompass one or more detectable sensor components 216. As used herein, the term "sensor component" means any mechanism, device, element or substance capable of interacting with the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c of the sliding sleeve assemblies 130a, 130b and 130c of FIG. 1 and thus confirm that the wellbore dart 200 approaches a given sensor 138a, 138b and 138c. For example, in some embodiments, the sensor components 216 may be magnets configured to interact with the magnetic sensors 138a, 138b and 138c, as described above. In other embodiments, however, the sensor components 216 can be RFID tags (active or passive) that can be read or otherwise detected by a corresponding RFID reader associated with or otherwise encompassing the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c.
In some embodiments, the sensor components 216 may be arranged around the circumference of the wellbore dart 200, as being positioned on one or more of the collar fingers 204. As best shown in Figure 2B, the sensor components 216 may be housed or otherwise secured in corresponding recesses 218 (Figure 2B) defined in the collar fingers 204. In other embodiments, however, sensor components 216 may be attached to the outer radial surface collar fingers 204. In still other embodiments, the sensor components 216 may be positioned on the body 202 at or near the downhole end 212 or positioned on a combination of the body 202 and collar fingers 204. In still other embodiments, the wellbore dart 200 may be itself or otherwise encompass the capt component eur 216. In other words, in certain embodiments, the wellbore dart 200 may itself be made of a material (for example magnets) or otherwise comprise a mechanism, a device (for example a RFID tag), an element or substance that can interact with the sensors 138a-c of the sliding sleeve assemblies 130a, 130b and 130c of FIG. 1 and thus confirm that the wellbore dart 200 approaches the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c given.
Referring now to Figures 3A and 3B, side views are illustrated in cross section of an example of a sliding sleeve assembly 300, according to one or more embodiments. Referring to the cross-sectional angle indicator provided in the center of the page, Figure 3A provides a cross-sectional side view of the sliding sleeve assembly 300 (hereinafter "assembly 300") along d a vertical line, and Figure 3B provides a cross-sectional view of the assembly 300 along a line offset from the vertical by 35 ° (as illustrated in Figure 3C). The assembly 300 may be similar in some respects to any of the sliding sleeve assemblies 130a, 130b, 130c of Figure 1. As illustrated, the assembly 300 may include an elongated completion body 302 which defines a passage d internal flow 304. The completion body 302 may have a first end 306a coupled to an upper connector 308a and a second end 306b coupled to a lower connector 308b. The assembly 300 may be part of a downhole completion, such as the completion assembly 120 of Figure 1. Accordingly, the upper and lower fittings 308a, 308b can be used to couple the completion body 302 to the corresponding upper and lower parts of the completion assembly 120, of the working rod train 114 or to both (Figure 1).
In some embodiments, the completion body 302 may include an electronic fitting 310 and a port fitting 312. The electronic fitting 310 may be screwed or otherwise mechanically attached to the port fitting 312 so that the completion body 302 forms a structure continuous, elongated and cylindrical. In other embodiments, the electronic connector 310 and the port connector 312 may be integrally formed into a monolithic structure, without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
As best shown in Figure 3A, the electronic connector 310 can define or otherwise provide an electronic cavity 314 which houses an electronic circuit 316, one or more sensors 318 and one or more batteries 320 (three illustrated). As best shown in Figure 3B, the electronic connector 310 can further provide an actuator 322 (Figure 3B). The batteries 320 can supply energy to operate the electronic circuit 316, the one or more sensors 318 and the actuator 322. The one or more sensors 318 can be similar to the sensors 138a, 138b and 138c of FIG. 1, and therefore may be able to detect a wellbore dart (not shown) which passes through the assembly 300 via the internal flow passage 304.
The port fitting 312 may include a sliding sleeve 324, one or more ports 326 (Figure 3A) and an actuating sleeve 328. The sliding sleeve 324 may be similar to the sliding sleeves 132 of Figure 1 and may be arranged movable in port fitting 312. Ports 326 can be similar to ports 134 in Figure 1 and can be defined through port fitting 312 to allow fluid communication between internal flow passage 304 and an exterior of the port fitting 312, such as a surrounding underground formation (for example, formation 108 in Figure 1). In Figures 3A and 3B, the sliding sleeve 324 is shown in a closed position, where the sliding sleeve 324 generally seals the ports 326 and thus prevents fluid communication through it. As described below, however, the sliding sleeve 324 can be moved axially inside the port fitting 312 to an open position, where the ports 326 are exposed and thereby facilitate fluid communication therethrough.
Referring to Figure 4A, there is illustrated an enlarged view of the sliding sleeve 324 and the actuating sleeve 328, as indicated by the marked dotted line shown in Figure 3B. In some embodiments, the sliding sleeve 324 can be secured in the closed position with one or more shearable devices 332 (one shown). In the illustrated embodiment, the shearable devices 332 may include one or more shear pins which extend from the port fitting 312 (e.g., the completion body 302) and into corresponding blind bores 402 defined on the outer surface of the sliding sleeve 324. In other embodiments, the one or more shearable devices 332 may be a shear ring or any other device or mechanism configured to be sheared or otherwise rupture as a result of a load of predetermined shear applied to the sliding sleeve 324.
The sliding sleeve 324 may further include one or more dynamic seals 404 (two shown) disposed between the exterior surface of the sliding sleeve 324 and the interior surface of the port fitting 312. The dynamic seals 404 may be configured to provide fluid isolation between the sliding sleeve 324 and the port fitting 312 and thereby prevent fluid migration through the ports 326 (Figure 3A) and into the internal flow passage 304 when the sliding sleeve 324 is in the closed position. The dynamic seals 404 can be similar to the dynamic seal 210 in FIGS. 2A and 2B, and will therefore not be described again. In at least one embodiment, as illustrated, one or both dynamic seals 404a, b can be an O-ring.
In some embodiments, the sliding sleeve 324 may further include a locking ring 406 disposed or positioned in a locking ring groove 408 defined in the sliding sleeve 324. The locking ring 406 may be a C-shaped ring expandable, for example, which extends during the establishment of a coupling groove of the locking ring 410 (Figures 3 A and 3B). Therefore, when the sliding sleeve 324 moves to its open position, as described below, the locking ring 406 can position and extend in the coupling groove of the locking ring 410 and thereby prevent the sleeve sliding 324 to return to the closed position.
The sliding sleeve 324 may further provide a seal bore 412 and a sleeve coupling profile 414 defined on the inner radial surface of the sliding sleeve 324. As illustrated, the seal bore 412 may be arranged at the bottom of hole in the sleeve coupling profile 414, but can also be arranged at each end (or at an intermediate location) of the sliding sleeve 324, without departing from the scope of the disclosure. As described below, the dart profile 208 of the wellbore dart 200 of Figures 2A and 2B can be configured to fit or otherwise correspond to the sleeve coupling profile 414 of the sliding sleeve 324.
The actuating sleeve 328 can also be movably arranged inside the orifice connector 312 between an operating configuration, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B and FIG. 4A, and an actuated configuration, as shown in the Figures 5A, 5B and 5C. In certain embodiments, a hydraulic cavity 416 can be defined between the actuating sleeve 328 and the orifice fitting 312 (for example the completion body 302) and sealed at each end with suitable sealing devices 418, such as as O-rings or the like. In such embodiments, the hydraulic cavity 416 can be fluidly coupled to the electronic cavity 314 (Figure 3A) via one or more hydraulic conduits 420. The hydraulic cavity 416 can be filled with a hydraulic fluid, such as silicone oil, and maintained at an increased pressure relative to the electronic cavity 314, which may be at ambient pressure.
The actuating sleeve 328 can have or otherwise provide an axial extension 422 which extends in at least part of the sliding sleeve 324. When the actuating sleeve 328 is in its operating configuration, as shown in FIG. 4A, the axial extension 422 may be configured to cover or otherwise seal the sleeve coupling profile 414. As a result, all wellbore darts passing through the internal flow passage 304 may be unable to mate with the sleeve coupling profile 414. A wiper ring 424, such as an O-ring or the like, may be arranged between the axial extension 422 and the inner radial surface of the sliding sleeve 324 to protect the sleeve coupling profile 414 by preventing debris and sand from entering the sleeve coupling profile 414.
Referring to Figure 4B, there is illustrated an enlarged view of the actuator 322, as indicated by the marked dotted line shown in Figure 3B. The actuator 322 can be any mechanical, electromechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic actuation device capable of manipulating the configuration or position of the actuation sleeve 328. Consequently, the actuator 322 can be any device that can be used or triggered by another way to move the actuating sleeve 328 from its operating configuration (FIGS. 3A and 3B and FIG. 4A) to its actuated configuration (FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C). In the illustrated embodiment, the actuator 322 is an electro-hydraulic piston lock which comprises a propellant 426 and a breakable element 428. The breakable element 428 can be, for example, a rupture disc or a pressure barrier which prevents the hydraulic fluid under pressure inside the hydraulic cavity 416 from escaping into the electronic cavity 314 (FIG. 3 A) via the hydraulic conduit 420 (FIGS. 3B and 4A). As a result, a pressure differential between the electronic and hydraulic cavities 314, 416 is maintained through the frangible member 428 while being intact.
The thruster 426 can be coupled in communication to the electronic circuit 316 (FIG. 3 A), which, as described above, is coupled in communication to one or more sensors 318. When the one or more sensors 318 positively detect a well dart or a predetermined number of well darts, the electronic circuit 316 can send an actuation signal to the actuator 322.
The actuator 322 may include a chemical charge 430 which is ignited upon receipt of the actuation signal, and ignition of the chemical charge 430 may cause the propellant 426 in the breakable member 428 to rupture or penetrate into the breakable element 428. When the breakable element 428 ruptures, the hydraulic fluid under pressure in the hydraulic cavity 416 can escape into the electronic cavity 314 via the hydraulic conduit 420 while seeking a pressure balance .
Referring again to FIG. 3B, when the hydraulic fluid under pressure inside the hydraulic cavity 416 seeks a pressure balance by rushing into the electronic cavity 314, a pressure differential is generated through the sleeve d actuation 328. This pressure differential generated can cause the actuation sleeve 328 to move in its actuated configuration in the direction of the top of the hole (for example, to the left of FIG. 3B), as shown in the Figures 5A, 5B and 5C. Movement of the actuating sleeve 328 to the actuated configuration can reveal the sleeve coupling profile 414 (Figure 4A).
Referring again to Figure 3A and further to Figures 5A, 5B and 5C, an example of operation of the assembly 300 is now provided. More particularly, FIGS. 3A and 5A, 5B and 5C represent progressive cross-section views of the assembly 300 during the actuation of the sliding sleeve 324 when it moves between its closed and open positions. It will be understood that the operation of the assembly 300 may also be descriptive of the operation of any of the sliding sleeve assemblies 130a, 130b and 130c of FIG. 1.
In FIG. 3A, the assembly 300 is shown in an “operating” or closed configuration, where the sliding sleeve 324 generally closes the ports 326 defined in the completion body 302 of the assembly 300.
In FIG. 5A, a first borehole dart 502a is shown as having been introduced into the working drill string 114 (FIG. 1) and routed to and through the assembly 300. The first borehole dart 502a may be similar to the wellbore dart 200 of Figures 2A and 2B, and will therefore not be described again. As illustrated, the first wellbore dart 502a has passed through the internal flow passage 304 downhole from the sensor 318 and is advancing in a downhole direction (e.g., to the right of Figure 5A). In some embodiments, the first wellbore dart 502a can be pumped to the assembly 300 from the surface 104 (Figure 1) using hydraulic pressure. In other embodiments, the first wellbore dart 502a can be released through the working drill string 114 (Figure 1) from the surface 104 to the location of the assembly 300. In d ' in yet other embodiments, the first wellbore dart 502a can be transported through the working drill string 114 by a cable, a smooth cable, coiled tubing, etc. or it can be self-propelled up to the location of the assembly 300. In still other embodiments, any combination of the above techniques can be used to route the first borehole dart 502a to the assembly 300.
When the first wellbore dart 502a passes in front of or is in close proximity to sensor 318, sensor 318 can detect the presence of the first wellbore dart 502a and send a detection signal to the electronic circuit 316 indicating this. Electronic circuit 316, in turn, can record a "count" of the first well dart 502a and a total current count of the number of well darts (including the first well dart 502a) that have passed in front of the assembly 300. When a predetermined number of borehole darts (including the first borehole dart 502a) has been counted, the electronic circuit 316 can be programmed to actuate the assembly 300. More particularly, when the predetermined number of wellbore darts have been detected and otherwise recorded, the electronic circuit 316 can send an actuation signal to the actuator 322 (Figures 3B and 4B), which acts to move the sleeve actuator 328 from the operating configuration, as shown in Figure 3A, to the actuated configuration, as shown in Figures 5A, 5B and 5C.
In certain embodiments, as mentioned above, the actuator 322 can be any mechanical, electromechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic actuation device capable of moving the actuation sleeve 328 from the operating configuration to the actuated configuration. In other embodiments, however, as described above with reference to Figure 4B, the actuator 322 may be an electro-hydraulic piston lock which includes the propellant 426 and the breakable member 428 which provides a barrier pressure between the electronic cavity 314 and the hydraulic cavity 416. On reception of the actuation signal, the propellant 426 penetrates into the frangible element 428 and the hydraulic fluid under pressure in the hydraulic cavity 416 escapes into the electronic cavity 314 via the hydraulic conduit 420 while it seeks pressure balance. When the hydraulic fluid escapes from the hydraulic cavity 416, a pressure differential is generated through the actuation sleeve 328, which causes the actuation sleeve 328 to move to the actuation configuration.
Referring to Figure 5A, when the actuating sleeve 328 moves in its actuating configuration, the sleeve coupling profile 414 becomes progressively exposed to the internal flow passage 304 when the axial extension 422 of the sleeve actuator 328 moves in the direction at the top of the hole. With the sleeve coupling profile 414 exposed, any subsequent wellbore dart that is introduced into the internal flow passage 304 may be able to mate with the sleeve coupling profile 414.
FIG. 5B shows a second wellbore dart 502b having been introduced into the working drill string 114 (FIG. 1) and routed to the assembly 300. Like the first wellbore dart 502a (FIG. 5A), the second wellbore dart 502b may be similar to the wellbore dart 200 of Figures 2A and 2B, and will therefore not be described again. In addition, the first and second wellbore darts 502a, 502b may have the same dart profile (for example, the dart profile 208 of Figures 2A and 2B). When the assembly 300 is put in place, the second wellbore dart 502b can be configured to couple with the sliding sleeve 324.
Referring briefly to Figure 6, there is illustrated an enlarged view of the second wellbore dart 502b when it mates with the sliding sleeve 324, as shown in the dotted area of Figure 5B, according to one or several embodiments. When installing the assembly 300, the downhole end 212 of the second wellbore dart 502b can be configured to penetrate into the seal bore 412 provided on the inner radial surface of the sliding sleeve 324. The dynamic seal 210 of the second wellbore dart 502b can be configured to engage and seal against the gasket bore 412, thereby allowing fluid pressure behind the second wellbore dart drilling 502b to increase.
The dart profile 208 of the second wellbore dart 502b can be configured to fit or otherwise correspond to the sleeve coupling profile 414 of the sliding sleeve 324. Accordingly, upon placement of the assembly 300, the dart profile 208 can mate with and otherwise engage in the sleeve coupling profile 414, thereby effectively stopping the progression to the bottom of the hole of the second wellbore dart 502b . Once the dart profile 208 aligns axially and radially with the sleeve coupling profile 414, the collar fingers 204 of the second wellbore dart 502b can be configured to protrude radially outward and couple thus the second borehole dart 502b to the sliding sleeve 324.
Referring again to Figures 5A, 5B and 5C and more particularly to Figure 5C, with the dart profile 208 successfully coupled with the sleeve coupling profile 414, an operator can increase the fluid pressure in the train working rods 114 (Figure 1) and into the internal flow passage 304 at the top of the hole from the second wellbore dart 502b to move the sliding sleeve 324 to the open position.
The dynamic seal 210 (Figure 6) of the second wellbore dart 502b can be configured to substantially prevent the migration of high pressure fluids past the second wellbore dart 502b in the downhole direction. As a result, the fluid pressure upstream of the second wellbore jib 502b can be increased. In addition, the one or more shearable devices 332 can be configured to maintain the sliding sleeve 324 in the closed position until a predetermined shear load is assumed. As the fluid pressure increases in the internal flow passage 304, the increased pressure acts on the second wellbore dart 502b, which in turn acts on the sliding sleeve 324 via the coupling engagement between the dart profile 208 and the sleeve coupling profile 414. Consequently, the increase in the fluid pressure in the train of working rods 114 (FIG. 1) can serve to increase the shear load assumed by the shearable devices 332 holding the sliding sleeve 324 in the closed position.
The fluid pressure can increase until reaching a predetermined pressure threshold, so that the predetermined shear load is assumed by the shearable devices 332 and their subsequent rupture. Once the shearable devices 332 rupture, the sliding sleeve 324 can be free to move axially in the port fitting 312 to the open position, as shown in Figure 5C. With the sliding sleeve 324 in the open position, the ports 326 are exposed and a well operator may then be able to perform one or more well drilling operations, such as stimulating a surrounding formation (e.g., the formation 108 of FIG. 1).
After the stimulation operations, in at least one embodiment, a drill bit or a crusher (not shown) can be introduced at the bottom of the hole to drill the second wellbore dart 502b, thus facilitating fluid communication beyond the assembly 300. Although important, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that this process requires precious time and resources. According to the present disclosure, however, the borehole darts may be at least partially made of soluble or degradable material to avoid the time-consuming requirement of drilling borehole darts to facilitate fluid communication through them. As used herein, the term "degradable material" refers to any material or substance that is capable of or otherwise configured to degrade or dissolve after the passage of a predetermined duration or after interaction with a downhole environment particular (e.g. temperature, pressure, downhole fluid, etc.), process fluid, etc.
Referring again to Figure 2B, for example, in some embodiments, the complete wellbore dart 200 may be made of degradable material. In other embodiments, only a portion of the wellbore jib 200 may be made of the degradable material. For example, in certain embodiments, all or part of the downhole end 212 of the body 202 can be made of degradable material. As illustrated, for example, the body 202 may further include a tip 220 which is an integral part of the body 202 or which is otherwise coupled thereto. In the illustrated embodiment, the tip 220 can be threaded to the body 202. In other embodiments, however, the tip 220 can, as a variant, be welded, brazed, glued or mechanically fixed to the body 202, without going beyond the scope of the disclosure. Once the stimulation operations are completed, the degradable material can be configured to dissolve or degrade, thus leaving an internal diameter of complete passage through the sliding sleeve assemblies 130a, 130b and 130c (Figure 1) without the need for to grind or drill.
Suitable degradable materials which can be used in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure include borate glasses, poly (glycolic acid) and poly (lactic acid). Poly (glycolic acid) and poly (lactic acid) tend to degrade by hydrolysis when the temperature increases. Other suitable degradable materials include oil degradable polymers, which can be natural or synthetic polymers and include, but are not limited to, polyacrylic, polyamides and polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene and polystyrene. Other suitable oil degradable polymers include those which have a melting point such that they will dissolve at the temperature of the underground formation in which they are placed.
In addition to oil degradable polymers, other degradable materials which may be used in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, degradable polymers, dehydrated salts or mixtures of the two. With regard to degradable polymers, a polymer is considered to be “degradable” if the degradation is due, in situ, to a chemical or radical process such as hydrolysis, oxidation or UV radiation. Suitable examples of degradable polymers which can be used in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention include polysaccharides such as dextran or cellulose; chitins; chitosans; the proteins ; aliphatic polyesters; poly (lactides); poly (glycolides); poly (E-caprolactones); poly (hydroxybutyrates); poly (anhydrides); aliphatic or aromatic polycarbonates; poly (orthoesters); poly (amino acids); poly (ethylene oxides); and polyphosphazenes. Among these suitable polymers, as mentioned above, poly (glycolic acid) and poly (lactic acid) may be preferred.
Polyanhydrides are another type of particularly suitable degradable polymer useful in the embodiments of the present invention. The hydrolysis of polyanhydrides takes place in situ via the free carboxylic acid chain ends to give carboxylic acids as final degradation products. The erosion time can be varied over a wide range of changes in the main chain of the polymer. Examples of suitable polyanhydrides include poly (adipic anhydride), poly (suberic anhydride), poly (sebacic anhydride) and poly (dodecanedioic anhydride). Other suitable examples include, but are not limited to, poly (maleic anhydride) and poly (benzoic anhydride).
Mixtures of certain degradable materials may also be suitable. An example of a suitable mixture of materials is a mixture of poly (lactic acid) and sodium borate, where the mixture of an acid and a base can give a neutral solution when desirable. Another example would include a mixture of poly (lactic acid) and boric oxide. The choice of degradable material may also depend, at least in part, on the conditions of the well, for example the temperature of the wellbore. For example, lactides have been found to be suitable for lower temperature wells, including those in the range of 60 ° F (about 15.6 ° C) to 150 ° F (about 65.6 ° C), and polylactides have been found to be suitable for wellbore temperatures above this range. In addition, poly (lactic acid) may be suitable for higher temperature wells. Certain poly (lactide) stereoisomers or mixtures of such stereoisomers may be suitable for even higher temperature applications. Dehydrated salts may also be suitable for higher temperature wells.
In other embodiments, the degradable material may be a metal or a galvanically corrodible material configured to degrade by an electrochemical process in which the galvanically corrodible metal corrodes in the presence of an electrolyte (e.g. brine or other salty fluids in a wellbore). Suitable galvanically corrodable metals include, but are not limited to, gold, gold-platinum alloys, silver, nickel, nickel-copper alloys, nickel-chromium alloys, copper, alloys copper (e.g. brass, bronze, etc.), chromium, tin, aluminum, iron, zinc, magnesium and beryllium.
Figure 7A shows part of a horizontal wellbore having production tubing 610a. One or more backfilling machines 604a, 604b, 604c and 604d and one or more sliding sleeve tools 606a, 606b and 606c can be arranged or positioned on or around the production tubing 610a. In one or more embodiments, the sliding sleeve tools can include a sliding sleeve 132 and can be deployed downhole as shown in Figure 1. The one or more backfilling machines 604a, 604b, 604c and 604d (designated collectively as backfilling machines 604) and one or more sliding sleeve tools 606a, 606b and 606c (collectively referred to as sliding sleeve tools 606). The backfilling machines 604 and the sliding sleeve tools 606 can be arranged in an alternating pattern as illustrated in FIG. 7 A or in any other suitable configuration. Sliding sleeve tools 606 may include nodes 615a, 615b and 615c (collectively, nodes 615). In one or more embodiments, the nodes 615a, 615b and 615c can be electrical or telecommunication ports.
The metal cable 710 can be coupled to one or more sliding sleeve tools 606, for example sliding sleeve tools 606a, 606b and 606c, via one or more nodes 615, for example nodes 615a, 615b and 615c. Wire rope 710 can transmit an electrical signal from node 615 to another node 615, for example, from node 615a to node 615b or from node 615b to node 615c or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the wire rope 710 can be coupled to one or more tools on the surface (such as the surface 104), for example, the information processing system 804 of Figure 8. The wire rope 710 can include fiber optic cable, power cable, network cable, communication cable, or any other type of cable used to transmit power, a signal, or both. In one or more embodiments, one or more nodes 615 can be paired via a signal path 712. The signal path 712 can be any mode of wireless pairing of one or more 615 nodes, for example an RFID signal, an acoustic signal or any other form of wireless transmission.
Figures 7B and 7C each show detailed views of the sliding sleeve tool 606a. Figure 7B shows the sliding sleeve tool 606a in a closed configuration while Figure 7C shows the sliding sleeve tool 606a in an open configuration. Since the sliding sleeve tools 606a, 606b and 606c are identical, substantially identical or operate or act in the same or similar manner, the description of the structure and operation of the sliding sleeve tool 606a below applies similarly to the sliding sleeve tools 606b and 606c. As shown in FIG. 7B, the sliding sleeve tool 606a comprises an actuator 614 and an electronic device 608. The electronic device 608 can include an actuation sensor 609. The actuation sensor 609 can be configured to detect one or more multiple flow signals. A flow signal may be generated by the operator, the information processing system 804 of Figure 8, or both, to control the flow of fluid into the wellbore. One or more sliding sleeve tools 606 can be controlled by one or more flow signals. For example, each sliding sleeve tool 606 may be sensitive to a different flow signal. In one or more embodiments, a flow signal may indicate control of a plurality of sliding sleeve tools 606. The sliding sleeve tool 606a may include a collapsible deflector 615. A chamber 616 may be disposed or positioned at the above or around an outer surface 618 of the sliding sleeve tool 606a. Chamber 616 can be coupled to the sliding sleeve tool 606a. In one or more embodiments, the chamber 616 can be coupled to a downhole sliding sleeve tool 606a in a wellbore 106 of Figure 1. In one or more embodiments, the actuator 614 can be disposed or positioned inside or around the chamber 616. For example, the chamber 616 can house the actuator 614. The folding deflector 615 can collapse when a fluid is introduced into a chamber 616.
The sliding sleeve tool 606a may include one or more communication ports 620 disposed or positioned circumferentially around the sliding sleeve tool 606a. Communication ports 620 allow fluid 702 to flow between the working rod string 114 and formation 108 when the sliding sleeve tool 606a is in an open configuration, as shown in Figure 7C. In one or more embodiments, the sliding sleeve tool 606a can include a sliding sleeve 622. The sliding sleeve 622 can change from a closed configuration to an open configuration depending, at least in part, on one or more multiple flow signals.
By configuring the sliding sleeve tools 606 as illustrated in Figures 7A, 7B and 7C, the sliding sleeve tools 606 can be opened or closed sequentially. The sequential opening of the sliding sleeve tools 606 allows the sequential completion of the production zones 120a to 120f adjacent to each sliding sleeve tool 606. In one or more embodiments, a ball 624 can be dropped, injected, launched or otherwise disposed or positioned in the wellbore to change the sliding sleeve 622 from a closed configuration to an open configuration. In one or more embodiments, one or more flow signals can move the sliding sleeve 622 from a closed position to an open position. When the deflectors 615 are in an open configuration, a ball 624 can pass through the sliding sleeve tool 606a and then toward a distal end of the wellbore. When the deflector 615 is folded, a ball 624 can be caught, trapped or otherwise captured by the deflector 615. The ball 624 can form a seal against the deflector 615.
When fluid 702 is pumped into wellbore 106 and through the sliding sleeve 622, ball 624 prevents fluid 702 from flowing distally or from one end to the other through the sleeve tool slide 606a causing hydraulic pressure to build up behind ball 624. Hydraulic pressure exerts force on ball 624 and deflector 615. Once pressure reaches a threshold, slide sleeve 622 is pushed into an open configuration exposing ports 620 to the wellbore.
In one or more embodiments, the deflectors 615 in one or more sliding sleeve tools 606 can be deployed based, at least in part, on one or more flow signals. The deployment of one or more deflectors 615 may include transitioning or causing a ball 624 to land or be placed or otherwise disposed on one or more deflectors 615. In one or more modes In one embodiment, one or more sliding sleeve tools 606 can open, close or both, depending, at least in part, on one or more flow signals. In one or more embodiments, the sliding sleeve tools 606 are moved by the one or more flow signals or the ball 624. In one or more embodiments, any one or more sliding sleeve tools 606 can open and a lower sliding sleeve tool 606 can close, at least in part, based on one or more flow signals. In one or more embodiments, any one or more sliding sleeve tools 606 can open and a flap valve can close, at least in part, based on the one or more flow signals. In one or more embodiments, one or more deflectors 615 and one or more sliding sleeve tools 606 can be deployed, at least in part, based on one or more flow signals.
In one or more embodiments, a completion operation may require only one flow signal per sliding sleeve tool 606. In one or more embodiments, sliding sleeve tools 606 may be required to perform functions additional and additional flow signals may be required.
In one or more embodiments, the electronic device 608 may further include a property sensor 610. In one or more embodiments, the property sensor 610 may be battery powered and may not require any wired connection. Property sensor 610 may include any one or more of a magnetic sensor, a temperature sensor, a fluid flow sensor, a pressure sensor, any other type of sensor capable of measuring one or more characteristics of an area associated with the sliding sleeve 622, the production tubing 610a, the actuator 614, the well 106 or any combination thereof. The electronic device 608 may include a housing 612 which isolates the property sensor 610 from a fluid, a gas, a particle, any other fluid or material, or any combination thereof. The property sensor 610 can measure or detect any one or more properties among a flow property, a temperature property or any other property or characteristic associated with the wellbore 106, the production tubing 610a, the actuator 614, to a section of any of the elements associated above with the property sensor 610, or any combination thereof. For example, in one or more embodiments, the property sensor 610 may include a thermometer which monitors the temperature of a fluid 702 flowing in a formation 108 from a particular area 128 of the wellbore 106. In one or more embodiments, the thermometer may be a device for measuring the temperature or temperature change in the wellbore 106. In one or more embodiments, the thermometer may be a thermocouple, an optical thermometer, a digital thermostat, integrated circuit temperature devices, thermistor, resistance thermometer, thermoelectric sensor or any other device capable of measuring temperature.
In one or more embodiments, the flow rate of a fluid 702 can be determined by measuring a cooling effect. During an injection process, one or more stimulation fluids, for example fluid 702, can reduce the temperature around the thermometer in a wellbore. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, by measuring the amount of temperature cooling and the duration of temperature cooling, the amount of fluid stimulation fluid that has been injected into a wellbore 106 or a particular area 128 d 'a borehole 106 can be estimated. Comparing the amount of temperature cooling, the length of time the temperature cools, or both, between thermometers in one or more zones 128 can help determine the relative acceptance of one or more fluids 702 in one or more zones 128. The relative acceptance of one or more fluids 702 can be a function of the operational stages of the stimulation. For example, during early production, an area that has accepted more stimulation fluid may have a reduced temperature (because the stimulation fluid has cooled the formation) compared to an area that has accepted less stimulation fluid. In subsequent production, the production of fluids can cause a local temperature change due to the JouleThomson effect. The magnitude and sign (direction) of the Joule-Thomson effect can vary for different fluids and can be used as a relative estimate of the composition of a fluid produced. In one or more embodiments, an operator can use the absolute temperature indicated by the thermometer or the relative temperature change between flow and no-flow conditions to estimate one or more parameters associated with a fluid 702. The parameter estimated can be a flow rate, total injected fluid volume or any other parameter associated with fluid flow.
In one or more embodiments, the electronic device 608 can further comprise a transceiver 611. The transceiver 611 can be coupled, directly or indirectly, to the property sensor 610. The transceiver 611 can receive one or more measurements from the property sensor 610. The transceiver 611 can send a signal according to the one or more measurements received from the sensor 610 at the surface or to another transceiver, for example an associated transceiver 611 to a sliding sleeve tool 606. The transceiver 611 can send the signal via an acoustic wave or via an electromagnetic wave. In one or more embodiments, the transceiver 611 can be a piezoelectric transducer that creates an acoustic wave that propagates through tubing, formation, wellbore fluids, or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the transceiver 611 sends a signal from a sleeve section to a second sleeve section, for example from the sleeve tool 606a to the sleeve tool 606b. In one or more embodiments, the transceiver 611 sends a signal from a sleeve section, such as a sleeve tool 606a, to a wired tool which is lowered inside the tubing string . The signal can be received by an information processing system, for example an information processing system 804 of FIG. 8. The information processing system 804 can calculate or determine a flow rate of a fluid 702 associated with the sliding sleeve tool 606a, at least in part, as a function of one or more signals received from the transceiver 611, where the one or more signals are associated with one or more measurements received from a sensor 610. In one or more embodiments, the electronic device 608, the property sensor 610, the transceiver 611 or any combination thereof can be powered by battery.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an information processing system 804 and other electronic components of a sliding sleeve tool 606, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. In one or more embodiments, the information processing system 804 communicates with one or more actuators 810 to operate the sliding sleeve tool 606a. The information processing system 804 can transmit a signal to one or more sliding sleeve tools 606 to modify any configuration, position, mode or combination of the one or more sleeve tools 606. In one or more modes of embodiment, one or more actuators 810 may comprise any suitable actuator, including an electromagnetic device, such as a motor, a gearbox, a linear screw, a solenoid actuator, a piezoelectric actuator, a hydraulic pump, an activated actuator chemically, a heat activated actuator, a pressure activated actuator or any combination thereof.
The information processing system 804 can be coupled, directly or indirectly, to one or more transceivers 611. In one or more embodiments, the information processing system 804 can be coupled to a single transceiver, by example a transceiver 611 associated with a sliding sleeve tool 606. In one or more embodiments, the information processing system 804 can be coupled to one or more transceivers 611 associated with one or more sleeve tools sliding 606. The information processing system 804 can be coupled to one or more transceivers 611 either by an electric wire, for example a metal cable 710, or wirelessly, for example via a signal path 712. The system information processing 804 may include a memory 808 for storing information coming from one or more transceivers 611, for example u one or more measurements received by a 611 transceiver from the propnity sensor
610. The information processing system 804 may further include a processor 806 for processing the information. For example, the information processing system 804 may include a processor for calculating a fluid flow rate 702 associated with one or more sliding sleeve tools 606.
The information processing system 804 can determine or calculate one or more properties or characteristics of a fracture 144 at or near a property sensor 610, at least in part, based on information received. by an associated transceiver 611. For example, a property or characteristic determined or calculated by the information processing system 804 can be associated with a space or an area at a threshold distance from the property sensor 610, for example up to 30 feet from the property sensor 610. In one or more embodiments, the property sensor 610 measures one or more properties of the fluid as it passes in front of the property sensor 610. In one or more embodiments, the information processing system 804 can determine or calculate a flow rate of a fluid 702, a pumping time, a production estimate or any combination thereof, at m oins in part, depending on the information from the transceiver 611. The information processing system 804 can modify or adjust the operation of a sliding sleeve tool 606. For example, depending on at least in part, of a determined or calculated property or characteristic, the information processing system 804 can transmit a signal to actuate a sliding sleeve tool 606. In one or more embodiments, the information processing system 804 can transmit a signal to one or more actuators 614 to turn off or stop the actuation of a sliding sleeve tool 606.
In one or more embodiments, a production operation can be modified or adjusted, at least in part, as a function of one or more flow properties of one or more production zones 120 determined or calculated by the system. 804. For example, the optimal production area can be determined by comparing the throughput properties of each production area 120. Single point entry techniques or multiple point entry techniques can then be used, at least in part, according to the comparison of the flow properties of one or more production zones 120. A production operation can be adjusted or modified manually by an operator or automatically by the processing system d 804, or both. For example, in one or more embodiments, one or more throughput properties determined or calculated by the information processing system 804 can be provided to an operator. In one or more embodiments, a control signal can be transmitted or communicated from the information processing system 804 to the sliding sleeve tool 606 to modify, increase, decrease, stop or otherwise modify the quantity or flow of fluid 702, for example a stimulation fluid, injected into the production tubing 610a or the wellbore 106. For example, an operator can enter a command, at least in part, depending on one any one or more determined or calculated flow properties which cause the information processing system 804 to send the control signal. In one or more embodiments, the information processing system 804 can automatically send a control signal to modify, increase, decrease, stop or otherwise modify the amount or flow of fluid 702 injected into the tubing 610a or well 106.
Figure 9 is a flow diagram of a method 900 according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure. The steps of the method 900 can be executed by various computer programs or non-transient computer readable media which can include one or more instructions which can be executed or capable of carrying out, when executed by a processor, one or more steps described below. . Computer programs and computer readable media can be configured to direct a processor or other suitable unit to retrieve and execute instructions from the computer readable media.
In step 902, one or more sliding sleeve tools, for example a sliding sleeve tool 606a, can be positioned or disposed in a wellbore 106. The sliding sleeve tool 606a can be positioned or disposed by cable wire or a cable, for example a wire cable 140 of Figure 1, as understood by those skilled in the art. For example, a sliding sleeve tool 606a can be used in wellbore stimulation operations such as multi-inlet sliding sleeves, single-entry sliding sleeves and spike sleeves.
In step 904, the sliding sleeve 622 can be operated in the wellbore 106. In one or more embodiments, the sliding sleeve 622 can be operated in response to one or more flow signals through the deflector 615, as discussed in connection with Figures 7A, 7B and 7C. One or more flow signals can cause the deployment of a deflector 615. The deployment of one or more deflectors 615 can cause a ball 624 to land against a deflector 615. When the fluid, for example the fluid 702, is pumped into wellbore 106, ball 624 prevents fluid 702 from flowing through the sliding sleeve tool 606a, causing hydraulic pressure to build up behind ball 624. Hydraulic pressure exerts a force on the ball 624 and deflector 615. Once the pressure reaches a threshold, the sliding sleeve 622 is pushed into an open configuration exposing the ports 620 to the wellbore 106. In one or more embodiments, the sliding sleeve 622 can be operated in response to one or more wellbore darts 502a, as discussed in connection with Figures 5A, 5B and 5C. The sliding sleeve 622 can be actuated at least in part upon detection of a predetermined number of wellbore darts, for example a wellbore dart 200 of FIG. 2A or a wellbore dart 502a of the figure 5 A.
In step 906, a production zone 120 associated with a fracture 144 of the wellbore 106 can be stimulated. In one or more embodiments, a stimulation fluid, for example a fluid 702, may be injected into the wellbore 106 automatically upon actuation of the sliding sleeve 622 in step 904. In one or more embodiments embodiment, an operator can manually initiate the stimulation process upon actuation of the sliding sleeve 622. Stimulation of a production area 120 may occur via any one or more methods as understood by the skilled person.
In step 908, one or more properties of a production area 120 can be measured via a property sensor 610. As described in FIGS. 7B and 7C, the property sensor 610 can be a sensor magnetic, a temperature sensor, a fluid flow sensor, a pressure sensor or any other type of sensor capable of measuring a property or characteristic of a particular production area 120 of the wellbore 106. The property 610 can determine a flow rate, a temperature or any other particular feature, characteristic or property of the production area 120.
In step 910, a property or characteristic measured by the property sensor 610 can be stored and transmitted to the surface 104, for example to the information processing system 804 of FIG. 8. Downhole information, for example one or more measurements associated with a property sensor 610, can be transmitted via the transceiver 611 to the surface 104, as shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C. The transceiver 611 can be coupled to the property sensor 610, directly or indirectly. In one or more embodiments, the electronic device 608 can include a memory for storing downhole information. The downhole or surface memory can be made up of a random access memory RAM, a ROM read-only memory, a solid state memory, a disk memory or any other memory, such as the will understand the skilled person.
In step 912, the information received at the surface by the information processing system 804 can be processed by a processor. The processor can be coupled in communication to a memory. The processor may include, for example, a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, or any other digital or analog circuit configured to process information. The information processing system 804 can process the information to determine or calculate an output, for example the flow of a stimulation fluid, as indicated in step 914. A property or characteristic of a fracture 144 or d a production area 120 can be calculated or determined as a function, at least in part, of a flow of a stimulation fluid, for example the fluid 702. For example, the flow of stimulation fluid can be correlated with the size of a fracture 144 or any other property or characteristic of fracture 144.
In step 916, a treatment or well production operation can be modified as a function, at least in part, of the calculated or determined flow rate of the stimulation fluid in step 914. As described above with regard to FIG. 8, the operation for processing or producing wells can be modified manually by an operator or automatically by the information processing system 804. For example, the operator or the information processing system 804 can transmit a control signal to modify, increase, decrease, stop or otherwise change the pressure or the flow rate of stimulation fluid injected into the production tubing 610a or the wellbore 106.
It follows from the above that the systems and methods described are well suited to achieving the objectives and the advantages mentioned as well as those inherent therein. The particular embodiments described above are given for illustrative purposes only, since the teachings of this disclosure can be modified and practiced in different but equivalent ways, obvious to those skilled in the art benefiting from the teachings of it. In addition, no limitation relates to the construction or design details presented herein, other than those described in the claims below. It is therefore obvious that the particular illustrative embodiments described above can be changed, combined or modified and all of these variations are considered to be within the scope of this disclosure. The systems and methods described herein by way of illustration can be conveniently practiced in the absence of any element which is not specifically described here and of any optional element disclosed herein. Although the compositions and methods are described herein in terms of "comprising", "containing" or "including" various components or steps, the compositions and methods may also be "composed essentially of" or "compounds of" various components and various stages. All of the numbers and ranges described above may vary by a certain amount. When a numeric range with a lower limit and an upper limit is described, any number and any range included that is within the range is specifically described. In particular, each range of values (of the form, "from about a to about b" or, equivalently, "from about a to b", or equivalently, "from about ab") described here should be understood as describing each number and range included within the widest range of values. In addition, the terms of the claims have their simple and ordinary meaning, unless explicitly stated otherwise and clearly defined by the patent owner.

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[1" id="c-fr-0001]
1. Method (900) for determining a property of a production area (120), characterized in that the method (900) comprises:
positioning (902) a sliding sleeve tool (600, 606a) in a wellbore (106);
actuation (904) of the sliding sleeve tool (600, 606a), wherein actuation is initiated based, at least in part, on one or more measurements received by an actuation sensor (609) ;
stimulating (906) a production area (120) with a stimulating fluid (702);
detecting (908) one or more properties of the wellbore (106) based, at least in part, on one or more measurements received by a property sensor (610);
determining (914) a parameter of the stimulation fluid (702) from at least one of the one or more properties.
[2" id="c-fr-0002]
2. Method (900) according to claim 1, wherein the property sensor (610) is arranged adjacent to the sliding sleeve tool (600, 606a).
[3" id="c-fr-0003]
The method (900) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the property sensor (610) is a battery powered sensor.
[4" id="c-fr-0004]
4. Method (900) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the one or more measurements received by the property sensor (610) are a temperature measurement.
[5" id="c-fr-0005]
5. Method (900) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the parameter of the stimulation fluid (702) is a total flow or volume of the stimulation fluid (702).
[6" id="c-fr-0006]
6. Method (900) according to claim 5, further comprising:
modifying a well treatment operation based, at least in part, on the flow rate of the simulation fluid (702).
[7" id="c-fr-0007]
7. Method (900) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising:
storing (910) the one or more measurements received by the property sensor (610) in a memory (808).
[8" id="c-fr-0008]
8. Method (900) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising:
wireless transmission of one or more measurements received by the property sensor (610) to the surface (104), to a downhole tool in the wellbore (106), or both.
[9" id="c-fr-0009]
9. Method (900) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising:
determining a relative acceptance of the stimulation fluid (702) based, at least in part, on the parameter of the stimulation fluid (702).
[10" id="c-fr-0010]
10. System for determining a property of a production area (120), characterized in that the system comprises:
a sliding sleeve tool (600, 606a), wherein the sliding sleeve tool is disposed on a production tubing (610a), and wherein the sliding sleeve tool (600, 606a) further comprises:
an actuation sensor (609); a property sensor (610); and a transceiver (611) coupled to the property sensor (610); an information processing system (804) coupled in communication to the transceiver (611), the information processing system (804) comprising: a processor (806); and a non-transient memory (808) coupled to the processor (806), wherein the non-transient memory (808) includes one or more instructions which, when executed by the processor (806), cause the processor to:
positioning (902) the sliding sleeve tool (600, 600a) in a wellbore (106);
operating (904) the sliding sleeve tool based, at least in part, on one or more measurements received by the operating sensor (609);
stimulating (906) a production area (120) with a stimulating fluid (702);
detecting one or more properties of the wellbore (106) based, at least in part, on one or more measurements received by the property sensor (610); and determining (914) a parameter of the stimulation fluid (702).
[11" id="c-fr-0011]
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the property sensor (610) is disposed adjacent to the sliding sleeve tool (606, 606a).
[12" id="c-fr-0012]
12. The system of claim 10 or 11, wherein the property sensor (610) is battery powered.
[13" id="c-fr-0013]
13. System according to any one of claims 10 to 12, in which the parameter of the stimulation fluid (702) is a total flow rate or volume of the stimulation fluid (702).
[14" id="c-fr-0014]
The system of claim 13, wherein the one or more instructions, when executed by the processor (806), further cause the processor (806) to modify a well treatment operation accordingly, at least in part of the stimulation fluid flow (702).
[15" id="c-fr-0015]
15. System according to any one of claims 10 to 14, in which the one or more instructions, when executed by the processor (806), further cause the processor (806) to determine a relative acceptance of the fluid. stimulation (702) based, at least in part, on the determined parameter of the stimulation fluid (702).

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WO2019125465A1|2019-06-27|

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CN111201368A|2020-05-26|

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法律状态:
2019-11-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |

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2020-04-24| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20200424 |

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2021-10-01| RX| Complete rejection|Effective date: 20210826 |

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USPCT/US2017/067892|2017-12-21|

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PCT/US2017/067892|WO2019125465A1|2017-12-21|2017-12-21|Multi-zone actuation system using wellbore darts|

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